What is Bollinger Bands?

Bollinger Bands expand and contract with recent volatility. They provide a visual representation of how far price is trading from its recent statistical average.

What does it measure?

Price dispersion around a moving average using standard deviation.

How is it calculated?

The common setup uses a 20-period SMA with upper and lower bands placed two standard deviations above and below the average.

Common interpretation.

  • Expanding bands indicate rising recent volatility.
  • Contracting bands indicate falling recent volatility.
  • Touching an outer band does not by itself indicate that price must reverse.
  • Persistent movement near one band can occur during strong trends.

How traders use it for market context.

  • Bollinger Bands can help distinguish quiet consolidation from expanding intraday volatility.
  • They can be combined with session levels and market structure to provide context.